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THE MASK OF SANITY

Section 3: Cataloging the Material

Part 3: A clinical profile

49. Untruthfulness and insincerity

 

 

Energy Enhancement          Enlightened Texts         Psychopath           The Mask Of Sanity

 

 

49. Untruthfulness and insincerity

The psychopath shows a remarkable disregard for truth and is to be trusted no

more in his accounts of the past than in his promises for the future or his statement of

present intentions. He gives the impression that he is incapable of ever attaining

realistic comprehension of an attitude in other people which causes them to value truth

and cherish truthfulness in themselves.

Typically he is at ease and unpretentious in making a serious promise or in

(falsely) exculpating himself from accusations, whether grave or trivial. His simplest

statement in such matters carries special powers of conviction. Overemphasis, obvious

glibness, and other traditional signs of the clever liar do not usually show in his words or

in his manner. Whether there is reasonable chance for him to get away with the fraud

or whether certain and easily foreseen detection is at hand, he is apparently unperturbed

and does the same impressive job. Candor and trustworthiness seem implicit in him at

such times. During the most solemn perjuries he has no difficulty at all in looking

anyone tranquilly in the eyes. Although he will lie about any matter, under any

circumstances, and often for no good reason, he

342 THE MASK OF SANITY

may, on the contrary, sometimes own up to his errors (usually when detection is certain)

and appear to be facing the consequences with singular honesty, fortitude, and

manliness.

It is indeed difficult to express how thoroughly straightforward some typical

psychopaths can appear. They are disarming not only to those unfamiliar with such

patients but often to people who know well from experience their convincing outer

aspect of honesty. A saying current among psychiatric residents, secretaries, medical

associates, and others familiar with what goes on in my office may illustrate this point.

The saying is in substance that excellent evidence for the diagnosis of psychopathic

personality can be found in my own response to newcomers who seek to borrow money

or cash checks. It is rather generally believed that only psychopaths are successful and

that in typical scams success is inevitable. Although I argue that some exaggeration has

perhaps colored this story and overemphasized the infallibility of my reaction as a test, I

must admit there is much truth in the matter. Even after so many years of special

interest in the subject, I am forced to confess that fairly often observers have had the

opportunity to make a snap diagnosis from my response to this sort of appeal and see it

gain full confirmation in subsequent events. I might add that no such loan has ever

been repaid and that all such checks have bounced.

After being caught in shameful and gross falsehoods, after repeatedly violating his

most earnest pledges, he finds it easy, when another occasion arises, to speak of his

word of honor, his honor as a gentleman, and he shows surprise and vexation when

commitments on such a basis do not immediately settle the issue.

The conception of living up to his word seems, in fact, to be regarded as little

more than a phrase sometimes useful to avoid unpleasantness or to gain other ends.

How inadequate such ends may be to account for the psychopath's neglect of truth can

be shown in a brief example:

In a letter to his wife, at last seeking divorce and in another city, one patient set

down dignified, fair appraisals of the situation and referred to sensible plans he had

outlined for her security. He then added that specified insurance policies and annuities

providing for the three children (including their tuition at college) had been mailed

under separate cover and would, if she had not already received them, soon be in her

hands. He had not taken even the first step to obtain insurance or to make any other

provision, and, once he had made these statements in his letter, he apparently gave the

matter no further thought.

 

Next: Section 3: Cataloging the material, Part 3: A clinical profile, 50. Lack of remorse or shame

 

Energy Enhancement          Enlightened Texts         Psychopath           The Mask Of Sanity

 

 

Section 3, Part 3

 

  • Psychopath Hervey Cleckley THE MASK OF SANITY, Section 3: Cataloging the material, Part 3: A clinical profile, 44. Synopsis and orientation
    Psychopath Hervey Cleckley THE MASK OF SANITY, Section 3: Cataloging the material, Part 3: A clinical profile, 44. Synopsis and orientation, In an earlier chapter it was noted that an attempt would be made to follow the general methods of science. Let us stop for a moment to orient ourselves. In Section two some examples of the material were offered and certain observations recorded. In the preceding parts of this section an effort was made to consider traditional concepts of the problem and to differentiate broadly the subject of this study from certain other personality reactions. These may be regarded as preliminary steps in the process of sifting and arranging our observations into some sort of order for the purpose of giving them, as much as possible, distinct and comprehensible form at energyenhancement.org

  • Psychopath Hervey Cleckley THE MASK OF SANITY, Section 3: Cataloging the material, Part 3: A clinical profile, 45. Superficial charm and good "intelligence"
    Psychopath Hervey Cleckley THE MASK OF SANITY, Section 3: Cataloging the material, Part 3: A clinical profile, 45. Superficial charm and good 'intelligence', More often than not, the typical psychopath will seem particularly agreeable and make a distinctly positive impression when he is first encountered. Alert and friendly in his attitude, he is easy to talk with and seems to have a good many genuine interests at energyenhancement.org

  • Psychopath Hervey Cleckley THE MASK OF SANITY, Section 3: Cataloging the material, Part 3: A clinical profile, 46. Absence of delusions and other signs of irrational thinking
    Psychopath Hervey Cleckley THE MASK OF SANITY, Section 3: Cataloging the material, Part 3: A clinical profile, 46. Absence of delusions and other signs of irrational thinking, The so-called psychopath is ordinarily free from signs or symptoms traditionally regarded as evidence of a psychosis. He does not hear voices. Genuine delusions cannot be demonstrated. There is no valid depression, consistent pathologic elevation of mood, or irresistible pressure of activity. Outer perceptual reality is accurately recognized; social values and generally accredited personal standards are accepted verbally. Excellent logical reasoning is maintained and, in theory, the patient can foresee the consequences of injudicious or antisocial acts, outline acceptable or admirable plans of life, and ably criticize in words his former mistakes at energyenhancement.org

  • Psychopath Hervey Cleckley THE MASK OF SANITY, Section 3: Cataloging the material, Part 3: A clinical profile, 47. Absence of "nervousness" or psychoneurotic manifestations
    Psychopath Hervey Cleckley THE MASK OF SANITY, ASection 3: Cataloging the material, Part 3: A clinical profile, 47. Absence of 'nervousness' or psychoneurotic manifestations, There are usually no symptoms to suggest a psychoneurosis in the clinical sense. In fact, the psychopath is nearly always free from minor reactions popularly regarded as 'neurotic' or as constituting 'nervousness.' The chief criteria whereby such diagnoses as hysteria, obsessive-compulsive disorder, anxiety state, or 'neurasthenia' might be made do not apply to him. It is highly typical for him not only to escape the abnormal anxiety and tension fundamentally characteristic of this whole diagnostic group but also to show a relative immunity from such anxiety and worry as might be judged normal or appropriate in disturbing situations at energyenhancement.org

  • Psychopath Hervey Cleckley THE MASK OF SANITY, Section 3: Cataloging the material, Part 3: A clinical profile, 48. Unreliability
    Psychopath Hervey Cleckley THE MASK OF SANITY, Section 3: Cataloging the material, Part 3: A clinical profile, 48. Unreliability, Though the psychopath is likely to give an early impression of being a thoroughly reliable person, it will soon be found that on many occasions he shows no sense of responsibility whatsoever. No matter how binding the obligation, how urgent the circumstances, or how important the matter, this holds true. Furthermore, the question of whether or not he is to be confronted with his failure or his disloyalty and called to account for it appears to have little effect on his attitude at energyenhancement.org

  • Psychopath Hervey Cleckley THE MASK OF SANITY, Section 3: Cataloging the material, Part 3: A clinical profile, 49. Untruthfulness and insincerity
    Psychopath Hervey Cleckley THE MASK OF SANITY, Section 3: Cataloging the material, Part 3: A clinical profile, 49. Untruthfulness and insincerity, The psychopath shows a remarkable disregard for truth and is to be trusted no more in his accounts of the past than in his promises for the future or his statement of present intentions. He gives the impression that he is incapable of ever attaining realistic comprehension of an attitude in other people which causes them to value truth and cherish truthfulness in themselves at energyenhancement.org

  • Psychopath Hervey Cleckley THE MASK OF SANITY, Section 3: Cataloging the material, Part 3: A clinical profile, 50. Lack of remorse or shame
    Psychopath Hervey Cleckley THE MASK OF SANITY, Section 3: Cataloging the material, Part 3: A clinical profile, 50. Lack of remorse or shame, The psychopath apparently cannot accept substantial blame for the various misfortunes which befall him and which he brings down upon others, usually he denies emphatically all responsibility and directly accuses others as responsible, but often he will go through an idle ritual of saying that much of his trouble is his own fault. When the latter course is adopted, subsequent events indicate that it is empty of sincerity-a hollow and casual form as little felt as the literal implications of 'your humble and obedient servant' are actually felt by a person who closes a letter with such a phrase at energyenhancement.org

  • Psychopath Hervey Cleckley THE MASK OF SANITY, Section 3: Cataloging the material, Part 3: A clinical profile, 51. Inadequately motivated antisocial behavior
    Psychopath Hervey Cleckley THE MASK OF SANITY, Section 3: Cataloging the material, Part 3: A clinical profile, 51. Inadequately motivated antisocial behavior, Not only is the psychopath undependable, but also in more active ways he cheats, deserts, annoys, brawls, fails, and lies without any apparent compunction. He will commit theft, forgery, adultery, fraud, and other deeds for astonishingly small stakes and under much greater risks of being discovered than will the ordinary scoundrel. He will, in fact, commit such deeds in the absence of any apparent goal at all. Yet we do not find the regularity and specificity in his behavior that is apparent in what is often called compulsive stealing or other socially destructive actions carried out under extraordinary pressures which the subject, in varying degrees, struggles against. Such activities, and all disorder distinguished by some as impulse neurosis,14 as we have mentioned, probably have important features in common with the psychopath's disorder at energyenhancement.org

  • Psychopath Hervey Cleckley THE MASK OF SANITY, Section 3: Cataloging the material, Part 3: A clinical profile, 52. Poor judgment and failure to learn by experience
    Psychopath Hervey Cleckley THE MASK OF SANITY, Section 3: Cataloging the material, Part 3: A clinical profile, 52. Poor judgment and failure to learn by experience, Despite his excellent rational powers, the psychopath continues to show the most execrable judgment about attaining what one might presume to be his ends. He throws away excellent opportunities to make money, to achieve a rapprochement with his wife, to be dismissed from the hospital, or to gain other ends that he has sometimes spent considerable effort toward gaining at energyenhancement.org

  • Psychopath Hervey Cleckley THE MASK OF SANITY, Section 3: Cataloging the material, Part 3: A clinical profile, 53. Pathologic egocentricity and incapacity for love
    Psychopath Hervey Cleckley THE MASK OF SANITY, Section 3: Cataloging the material, Part 3: A clinical profile, 53. Pathologic egocentricity and incapacity for love, The psychopath is always distinguished by egocentricity. This is usually of a degree not seen in ordinary people and often is little short of astonishing. How obviously this quality will be expressed in vanity or self-esteem will vary with the shrewdness of the subject and with his other complexities. Deeper probing will always reveal a selfcenteredness that is apparently unmodifiable and all but complete at energyenhancement.org

  • Psychopath Hervey Cleckley THE MASK OF SANITY, Section 3: Cataloging the material, Part 3: A clinical profile, 54. General poverty in major affective reactions
    Psychopath Hervey Cleckley THE MASK OF SANITY, Section 3: Cataloging the material, Part 3: A clinical profile, 54. General poverty in major affective reactions, In addition to his incapacity for object love, the psychopath always shows general poverty of affect. Although it is true that be sometimes becomes excited and shouts as if in rage or seems to exult in enthusiasm and again weeps in what appear to be bitter tears or speaks eloquent and mournful words about his misfortunes or his follies, the conviction dawns on those who observe him carefully that here we deal with a readiness of expression rather than a strength of feeling at energyenhancement.org

  • Psychopath Hervey Cleckley THE MASK OF SANITY, Section 3: Cataloging the material, Part 3: A clinical profile, 55. Specific loss of insight
    Psychopath Hervey Cleckley THE MASK OF SANITY, Section 3: Cataloging the material, Part 3: A clinical profile, 55. Specific loss of insight, In a special sense the psychopath lacks insight to a degree seldom, if ever, found in any but the most seriously disturbed psychotic patients. In a superficial sense, in that he can say he is in a psychiatric hospital because of his unacceptable and strange conduct, and by all other such criteria, his insight is intact. His insight is of course not affected at all with the type of impairment seen in the schizophrenic patient, who may not recognize the fact that others regard him as mentally ill but may insist that he is the Grand Lama and now in Tibet at energyenhancement.org

  • Psychopath Hervey Cleckley THE MASK OF SANITY, Section 3: Cataloging the material, Part 3: A clinical profile, 56. Unresponsiveness in general interpersonal relations
    Psychopath Hervey Cleckley THE MASK OF SANITY, Section 3: Cataloging the material, Part 3: A clinical profile, 56. Unresponsiveness in general interpersonal relations, The psychopath cannot be depended upon to show the ordinary responsiveness to special consideration or kindness or trust. No matter how well he is treated, no matter how long-suffering his family, his friends, the police, hospital attendants, and others may be, he shows no consistent reaction of appreciation except superficial and transparent protestations. Such gestures are exhibited most frequently when he feels they will facilitate some personal aim. The ordinary axiom of human existence that one good turn deserves another, a principle sometimes honored by cannibals and uncommonly callous assassins, has only superficial validity for him although he can cite it with eloquent casuistry when trying to obtain parole, discharge from the hospital, or some other end at energyenhancement.org

  • Psychopath Hervey Cleckley THE MASK OF SANITY, Section 3: Cataloging the material, Part 3: A clinical profile, 57. Fantastic and uninviting behavior with drink and sometimes without
    Psychopath Hervey Cleckley THE MASK OF SANITY, Section 3: Cataloging the material, Part 3: A clinical profile, 57. Fantastic and uninviting behavior with drink and sometimes without, Although some psychopaths do not drink at all and others drink rarely, considerable overindulgence in alcohol is very often prominent in the life story. Delirium tremens and other temporary psychoses directly due to alcohol were not commonly found in the hundreds of patients observed by me at energyenhancement.org

  • Psychopath Hervey Cleckley THE MASK OF SANITY, Section 3: Cataloging the material, Part 3: A clinical profile, 58. Suicide rarely carried out
    Psychopath Hervey Cleckley THE MASK OF SANITY, Section 3: Cataloging the material, Part 3: A clinical profile, 58. Suicide rarely carried out, Despite the deep behavioral pattern of throwing away or destroying the opportunities of life that underlies the psychopath's superficial self-content, ease, charm, and often brilliance, we do not find him prone to take a final determining step of this sort in literal suicide. Suicidal tendencies have been stressed by some observers as prevalent. This opinion, in all likelihood, must have come from the observation of patients fundamentally different from our group, but who, as we have mentioned, were traditionally classified under the same term. It was only after a good many years of experience with actual psychopaths that I encountered my first authentic instance of suicide in a patient who could be called typical at energyenhancement.org

  • Psychopath Hervey Cleckley THE MASK OF SANITY, Section 3: Cataloging the material, Part 3: A clinical profile, 59. Sex life impersonal, trivial, and poorly integrated
    Psychopath Hervey Cleckley THE MASK OF SANITY, Section 3: Cataloging the material, Part 3: A clinical profile, 59. Sex life impersonal, trivial, and poorly integrated, The psychopath's sex life invariably shows peculiarities. The opinion has already been expressed that homosexuality and the other specific deviations, though of course occurring in psychopaths, are not sufficiently common to be regarded as characteristic at energyenhancement.org

  • Psychopath Hervey Cleckley THE MASK OF SANITY, Section 3: Cataloging the material, Part 3: A clinical profile, 60. Failure to follow any life plan
    Psychopath Hervey Cleckley THE MASK OF SANITY, Section 3: Cataloging the material, Part 3: A clinical profile, 60. Failure to follow any life plan, The psychopath shows a striking inability to follow any sort of life plan consistently, whether it be one regarded as good or evil. He does not maintain an effort toward any far goal at all.47,53 This is entirely applicable to the full psychopath. On the contrary, he seems to go out of his way to make a failure of life. By some incomprehensible and untempting piece of folly or buffoonery, he eventually cuts short any activity in which he is succeeding, no matter whether it is crime or honest endeavor at energyenhancement.org

 

 
 
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